Causes
A multifactorial cause: an abnormal immune reaction, altered gut microbiota, genetic predisposition and dietary factors. It is a chronic diagnosis.
Diagnosis
A diagnosis of exclusion plus an intestinal biopsy (via endoscopy or surgery) that confirms the inflammation. Blood work and ultrasound to rule out other causes.
Treatment
Lifelong management: specific diets (hydrolysed or novel protein), sometimes immunomodulators, and supplements. It is controlled, not cured. Your vet adjusts the plan.
Prevention
Not preventable. A good-quality diet and avoiding abrupt changes help with management.
