Causes
Primary (a congenital malformation of the lymphatic vessels) or secondary to obstruction, trauma, surgery, infection or a tumour.
Diagnosis
Physical examination plus imaging tests to assess lymphatic drainage and rule out obstructive causes.
Treatment
Treatment for the primary form is limited: compression bandaging, physiotherapy and infection control. The secondary form improves once the underlying cause is treated.
Prevention
Difficult to prevent. Treat any infections and injuries that may damage the lymphatic system promptly.

