Causes
Low water intake, a low-fibre diet, hairballs, lack of exercise, pain (arthritis that makes posturing difficult), a dirty litter tray, obstructions, neurological problems.
Diagnosis
Physical examination plus abdominal palpation. X-rays to assess the amount of retained stool and rule out obstructions.
Treatment
Increase water and fibre, laxatives or stool softeners as directed by your vet, exercise. Severe cases: enemas or manual removal under sedation. NEVER give human laxatives without prescription.
Prevention
Water always available (fountains, wet food), adequate fibre, exercise, a clean litter tray, hairball control in cats.

