Causes
An infection elsewhere in the body (dental, urinary or a wound) reaches the heart valves through the bloodstream.
Diagnosis
Echocardiography (the valve lesions can be seen), blood cultures to identify the bacteria, and blood work.
Treatment
A prolonged course of antibiotics, guided by the culture, along with cardiac support. The prognosis is guarded: early detection is key.
Prevention
Treat infections elsewhere in the body properly and maintain good dental health.

